The Lake Michigan Underwater Forest is a remarkable natural wonder that has captured the imagination of researchers, divers, and nature enthusiasts alike. Situated approximately 15 miles southeast of the Chicago Harbor Lighthouse, this submerged forest offers a glimpse into the past, revealing the secrets of a bygone era.
Age of the Tree Stumps
The tree stumps found in the underwater forest are estimated to be around 8,200 years old, based on radio-carbon dating. These stumps are from oak, ash, and hickory trees that grew during the early part of an extremely low, post-glacial lake phase known as the Chippewa low phase.
Location and Depth
The underwater forest is located about 15 miles off the coast of Chicago, at a depth of around 85 feet below the surface of Lake Michigan. This unique location has helped preserve the tree stumps, shielding them from the elements and allowing researchers to study this remarkable site.
Lake Level Rise
The lake level is rising at a rate of six one-hundredths of an inch each year due to glacial rebound. This means that in 1,000 years, the lake level will be about five feet higher, potentially submerging more of the underwater forest over time.
Preservation and Maintenance
The preservation of the tree stumps is remarkable, but exposure to the lake environment will wear them away in less than 1,000 years. The site is complex, with features like bowl-shaped tree stumps filled with rocks, which may be either Native American artifacts or natural objects abraded by water and sand. Researchers and preservation agencies are working to ensure that this unique site is protected and studied for future generations.
Importance and Research
The discovery of the submerged tree stumps provides convincing evidence for low lake levels in the past. Researchers like Dr. Charles W. Shabica have been studying the site to better understand the lake’s history and the impact of rising lake levels on the shoreline. The Illinois State Historic Preservation Agency has given permission for Shabica’s team to videotape the site and look for artifacts or bones, ensuring that the site is preserved for future generations.
Tourism and Diving
While the underwater forest is not a typical tourist destination, it is an important site for researchers and divers interested in exploring Lake Michigan’s hidden history. The West Michigan Underwater Preserve, which extends along the western shore of Lake Michigan, offers opportunities for shipwreck dives and exploration of other underwater sites.
Unique Features
The Lake Michigan Underwater Forest boasts several unique features that make it a fascinating site for researchers and visitors alike. Some of these features include:
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Bowl-Shaped Tree Stumps: The underwater forest contains numerous bowl-shaped tree stumps, some of which are filled with rocks. These features may be the result of natural processes or could potentially be Native American artifacts.
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Preserved Tree Trunks: The tree stumps found in the underwater forest are remarkably well-preserved, providing a glimpse into the past and offering valuable insights for researchers studying the lake’s history.
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Submerged Landscape: The underwater forest offers a unique opportunity to explore a submerged landscape, providing a window into the past when the lake levels were much lower.
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Diverse Flora and Fauna: The underwater forest may also support a diverse array of aquatic life, including fish, invertebrates, and other organisms that have adapted to the unique environment.
Conclusion
The Lake Michigan Underwater Forest is a captivating and mysterious site that continues to fascinate researchers, divers, and nature enthusiasts. Its ancient tree stumps, preserved landscape, and potential for archaeological discoveries make it a truly remarkable natural wonder. As the lake level continues to rise, it is crucial that this site is protected and studied, ensuring that its secrets are preserved for future generations.