Lake Michigan is a vast and diverse body of water, home to a wide array of fish species that captivate anglers and nature enthusiasts alike. As a lakes touring enthusiast, understanding the unique characteristics of these fish is crucial for a successful and enjoyable experience. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore the key aspects of Lake Michigan fish identification, equipping you with the knowledge to confidently navigate the waters and identify the various species you may encounter.
Key Characteristics for Identifying Fish in Lake Michigan
Body Shape and Size
The body shape and size of fish in Lake Michigan can be a significant clue in identifying different species. For instance, Lake Trout have a deeply forked tail, while Chinook Salmon have a squared tail with spots on both halves. Paying attention to these physical features can help you narrow down the possibilities.
Color Patterns
The color patterns of fish in Lake Michigan are often distinctive and can aid in identification. Chinook Salmon, for example, have an iridescent green to blue-green back, silvery sides, and a white belly. In contrast, Brown Trout have an overall silvery color with “X” shaped markings on their back and upper half of their body.
Fins and Scales
The number of rays in the anal fin and the shape of the mouth can also be helpful in identifying fish species. Lake Trout have 10-11 rays in their anal fin, while Brown Trout have 12 or less rays.
Spots and Markings
Many fish species in Lake Michigan have unique spots or markings on their bodies. Chinook Salmon have black spots on the upper half of their body and on all fins, while Brook Trout have worm-like markings on their back and head.
Using a Dichotomous Key to Identify Fish Families in Lake Michigan
A dichotomous key is a valuable tool for identifying fish species in Lake Michigan. By answering a series of questions about the fish’s characteristics, you can narrow down the possibilities and determine the specific species. Here’s a simplified example:
- Does the fish have a forked tail?
- Yes: Go to 2
- No: Go to 3
- Does the fish have a squared tail with spots on both halves?
- Yes: Chinook Salmon
- No: Go to 3
- Does the fish have an overall silvery color with “X” shaped markings on its back and upper half of its body?
- Yes: Brown Trout
- No: Go to 4
- Does the fish have worm-like markings on its back and head?
- Yes: Brook Trout
- No: Go to 5
Common Fish Families Found in Lake Michigan
- Salmonidae (Salmon and Trout): This family includes species like Chinook Salmon, Coho Salmon, Lake Trout, Brown Trout, and Brook Trout.
- Percidae (Perch): This family includes species like Yellow Perch.
- Escidae (Pike): This family includes species like Northern Pike.
- Acipenseridae (Sturgeon): This family includes species like Lake Sturgeon.
Additional Resources
For more detailed information on fish identification and species found in Lake Michigan, you can refer to the following resources:
- Michigan Department of Natural Resources: Provides detailed information on fish species, including identification guides and life histories.
- Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources: Offers information on fish species, including life histories and identification guides.
- Kinns Sport Fishing: Provides detailed identification guides for various fish species found in Lake Michigan.
References
- Jack’s Charter Service. (2023). The Fascinating World of Lake Michigan’s Fish Species. Retrieved from https://jackscharterservice.com/the-fascinating-world-of-lake-michigans-fish-species/
- Michigan Department of Natural Resources. (n.d.). Know your Great Lakes Trout & Salmon Species. Retrieved from https://www.michigan.gov/dnr/-/media/Project/Websites/dnr/Documents/Education/Misc/ID-GL-Trout-Salmon.pdf
- Michigan Department of Natural Resources. (n.d.). Fish – State of Michigan. Retrieved from https://www.michigan.gov/dnr/education/michigan-species/fish-species
- Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. (n.d.). Lake Michigan Game Fish – Life Histories. Retrieved from https://dnr.wisconsin.gov/topic/Fishing/lakemichigan/LifeHistories
- Kinns Sport Fishing. (n.d.). Fish Species Found On Lake Michigan. Retrieved from https://www.kinnskatch.com/fish-species-found-on-lake-michigan/.